ISSUE: 1/2026
- Volume 30
- Number 1
- 2026
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Studia Europejskie –
Studies in European Affairs
ISSN: 1428-149X
e-ISSN: 2719-3780
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Articles published in the journal are under a Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial – No Derivatives 4.0 International License
Publication co-financed by Ministry of Science and Higher Education pursuant to the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Science of 3 August 2021 (Journal of Laws of 2021, item 1514) on the “Development of Scientific Journals” programme.
Publikacja dofinansowana przez Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego na podstawie rozporządzenia Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z 3 sierpnia 2021 r. (Dz. U. z 2021 r. poz. 1514) w sprawie programu „Rozwój czasopism naukowych”.
Publication co-financed by the University of Warsaw within the “Excellence Initiative – Research University” programme.
Czasopismo otrzymało dofinasowanie w ramach Programu „Inicjatywa Doskonałości – Uczelnia Badawcza”.
From Vulnerability to Diversification: The Baltic States’ Energy Landscape Amidst the Russia–Ukraine War
Abstract
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 exposed the heavy reliance of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania on Russian natural gas, oil products, and electricity imports. This article explores how the war accelerated the Baltic States’ transition from being energy dependent on Russia towards energy independence. The objectives of this paper are to analyse the speed and mechanisms of decoupling, evaluate the role of infrastructure and EU support, and assess the impacts on renewable energy deployment and long-term security to understand the Baltic States’ energy landscape amid the ongoing Russia–Ukraine war. Drawing on data from Eurostat and EU policy documents, the study shows how Russian energy imports were quickly discontinued, alternative supply routes swiftly developed, and the Baltics disconnected from the BRELL energy ring, and synchronised with the Continental European Network. The crisis thus transformed an existential threat into a catalyst for accelerated diversification and decarbonisation, permanently removing Russia’s leverage over the region and positioning the Baltic States as models of resilient, sovereign energy security in Europe.
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DOI: 10.33067/SE.1.2026.7
Language: English
Pages: 123-139
How to Cite:
Harvard
Kumar, P. and Hazra, S. (2026) "From Vulnerability to Diversification: The Baltic States’ Energy Landscape Amidst the Russia–Ukraine War". Studia Europejskie – Studies in European Affairs, 1/2026, pp. 123-139. DOI: 10.33067/SE.1.2026.7